Anhydrous alcohol. Commercial forms of ethyl alcohol – both rectificate, and denatured alcohol – contain approx. 4% water, which cannot be separated by simple distillation, lecz …
Category Archives: Chemistry
How to make phosphoric acid
Phosphoric acid. It is made of animal bones burnt flat, a steel dish and toasted until disintegrating into a white powder, the main ingredient of which is calcium phosphate. Produkt …
Metal oxides
Metal oxides. Obtained by calcining carbonates at a temperature above 800 ° C.
Aluminum oxides, chromium and iron can be obtained, precipitating from the salt solutions of these metals, by treatment with ammonia water, jelly-like hydroxides. …
Necessary chemicals in the workshop
The chemical compounds listed below are the basic equipment of every chemical laboratory and should be treated as absolutely essential:
Concentrated inorganic acids
sulfuric, solny, nitric – po 1000 cm3
Organic acids
octowy …
Storage of chemicals
Keep all chemicals out of the reach of children, and adults, not involved in chemical works, one must inform about the dangerous properties of chemical compounds.
Pęknięte szklane naczynia należy natychmiast …
Harmful substances
All chemicals should be treated as harmful to health. Particular caution should be exercised in relation to the so-called compounds. heavy metals, how: copper, lead, zinc, nickel, cobalt, mercury, chrome and others. …
Solvents
Solvents
liquid substances used in the preparation of solutions.
The most commonly used solvents are:
Ethyl alcohol C2H5OH – alcohol
colorless liquid. Temp. bp 78.5 ° C. Includes 96% alcohol. Combustible. Wax solvent, shellac varnishes.…
Sulfuric and hydrochloric acid
Sulfuric acid H2SO4
commercial product – concentrated k.s. – includes 96% H2SO4. Thick liquid, oily, heavy, colorless. Density -1,84 g/cm3. Diluted with water, it warms up very strongly (should be poured with a thin stream …
Asphalt varnish.
Asphalt varnish. When used for protective coverings, the preparation is as follows:
• foot 10 g asfaltu, 10 g kalafonii i 5 g beeswax or earth wax (cerezyna), cool down and still warm stop …
Putty for cast iron and steel
Putty for cast iron and steel. Earn Epidian glue 5 with fine iron or steel filings to a thick mass. In this form, it can be stored as long as you like. It hardens in a few …